Renewable, controlled and environmentally safe phosphorus release in soils from mixtures of NH4 +-phillipsite tuff and phosphate rocks     

I. M. Dwairi 《Environmental Geology》1998,34(4):293-296

 The renewable and controlled-release fertilization system investigated here uses NH₄ ⁺-exchanged phillipsite tuff, from Jordan, to help in the dissolution of phosphate rock. Accordingly, controlled and renewable soluble nitrogen, phosphate and Ca are released as nutrients for plants. NH₄ ⁺ phillipsite can sequester Ca ions released by the dissolution of phosphate rock, therefore, leading to further phosphate rock dissolution. In this study the results show that the amount of phosphate released is more than that released by phosphate rock alone. This method offers an alternative to the use of highly soluble fertilizers and may avoid environmental problems associated with their extensive use in agriculture. Received: 22 May 1997 · Accepted: 12 August 1997  相似文献   

Structural control of the morphometry of open rock basins, Kananaskis region, Canadian Rocky Mountains     

D. J. Sauchyn  D. M. Cruden  X. Q. Hu   《Geomorphology》1998,22(3-4)

The morphometry of chutes (couloirs), rock funnels, and open cirques are related to the structure of dissected rock masses in the Kananaskis region of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Data for ten morphometric variables were derived from digital elevation models of 56 open rock basins. The basins were classified structurally according to the relative orientations of bedding planes and the rock slopes. A hypothesis of no differences in morphometry among structural classes is rejected from the results of nonparametric analysis of variance and paired comparisons of rank scores. Basins on dip and overdip slopes have a distinct size, and those on anaclinal slopes have a distinct width and shape. Variation in morphometry from low compactness and area/relief (chutes) to high compactness and low area/relief (funnels) to high compactness and area/relief (open cirques) corresponds to a change in dominant structure from orthoclinal to dip-overdip to underdip to anaclinal. The dip of bedding planes relative to the slope of rockwalls controls the mode of initial displacement of joint blocks and, thereby, the spatial distribution of the retreat of rockwalls. The angle between the rock slope and the strike of dipping strata determines whether beds of differing stability form chutes and buttresses (orthoclinal slopes), or extend across rockwalls (cataclinal and anaclinal slopes) and retreat at similar rates to form funnels and open cirques. The optimal structure for large compact rock basins is anaclinal, and the least favourable is cataclinal dip-overdip slopes. Topoclimate and other geologic structures may account for variance in morphometry not explained by differences among structural classes.  相似文献   

Post-Palaeozoic evolution of weathered landsurfaces in Uganda by tectonically controlled deep weathering and stripping     

R. G. Taylor  K. W. F. Howard 《Geomorphology》1998,25(3-4)

A model for the evolution of weathered landsurfaces in Uganda is developed using available geotectonic, climatic, sedimentological and chronological data. The model demonstrates the pivotal role of tectonic uplift in inducing cycles of stripping, and tectonic quiescence for cycles of deep weathering. It is able to account for the development of key landforms, such as inselbergs and duricrust-capped plateaux, which previous hypotheses of landscape evolution that are based on climatic or eustatic controls are unable to explain. Development of the Ugandan landscape is traced back to the Permian. Following late Palaeozoic glaciation, a trend towards warmer and more humid climates through the Mesozoic enabled deep weathering of the Jurassic/mid-Cretaceous surface in Uganda during a period of prolonged tectonic quiescence. Uplift associated with the opening South Atlantic Ocean terminated this cycle and instigated a cycle of stripping between the mid-Cretaceous and early Miocene. Deep weathering on the succeeding Miocene to recent (African) surface has occurred from Miocene to present but has been interrupted in the areas adjacent to the western rift where development of a new drainage base level has prompted cycles of stripping in the Miocene and Pleistocene.  相似文献   

Mineral magnetic study of Late Quaternary South Caspian Sea sediments: palaeoenvironmental implications     

Jelinowska  Tucholka  Guichard  Lefèvre  Badaut-Trauth  Chalié  Gasse  Tribovillard  & Desprairies 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,133(2):499-509

Magnetic properties of sediments from a core (10 m long) in the southern basin of the Caspian Sea have been investigated. Varying concentrations of greigite (Fe₃S₄) dominate the magnetic fraction in Late Pleistocene sediments. The synsedimentary formation of greigite indicates that the Late Pleistocene Caspian Sea was a brackish or fresh-water, poorly ventilated basin and suggests a water level higher than at the present. The variation in magnetic parameters, with the detrital magnetite-bearing fraction remaining constant, is interpreted in terms of greigite grain-size variation and related to the slight variation in water salinity. The Holocene sediments are characterized by detrital magnetite. This indicates better ventilation of the basin and suggests lower water levels than in the Late Pleistocene. The gradual change in magnetic properties of the sediments between 90 and ≈60 cm depth, with decreasing quantities of greigite, indicates stepwise establishment of oxic conditions in the Holocene.  相似文献   

Possible mechanisms causing failure of Thellier palaeointensity experiments in some basalts     

Andrei A. Kosterov  & Michel Prévot 《Geophysical Journal International》1998,134(2):554-572

  相似文献   

碧口岩群硅质岩成因及地质意义   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

丁振举  姚书振 《矿物学报》1998,18(3):331-336

碧口块状硫化物矿床直接赋矿主岩硅质岩地质特征及常量、微量、稀土元素组成表明,碧口岩群硅质岩为同火山岩喷流热水沉积成因。碧口岩群硅质岩常量元素富Fe、贫Si,为典型热水沉积成因;其微量元素、稀土元素特征均与现代大洋热水沉积物相似。热水硅质岩Eu异常与古流体温度存在密切关系,Eu／Eu特征显示筏子坝、铜矿坡为较高温度喷流产物,而大茅坪、黑窝子、铜矿梁、周家坡则为较低温度下的产物。  相似文献   

内蒙额尔古纳在矿带中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

韩丽  李广慧 《岩石矿物学杂志》1998,17(1):9-16

在岩石学和微量元素地球化学研究的基础上,通过对不同类型矿床的成矿岩体及围岩条件的分析,探讨了中生代火山岩浆活动与金属成矿的关系。认为晚侏罗世火山岩浆活动为成矿提供了有利的围岩的构造空间;早白垩世岩浆活动提供了成矿岩体及热力学条件,该期次火山岩浆的侵入并作用于不同的围岩、形成了由斑岩型Ｃｕ、Ｍｏ矿,浅成熟液型Ａｇ、Ｐｂ、Ｚｎ矿等组成的一系列矿床组合。  相似文献   

软岩的强度—变形—时间之间关系的试验分析   总被引：6，自引：4，他引：2  

廖红建  赵树德 《岩土力学》1998,19(2):8-13

对软岩和有不连续面的软岩试样进行一系列固结不排水三轴压缩和蠕变试验,测定并分析了它们在正常固结和超固结状态下的应变软化性状、蠕变特性和残余强度的变化规律。探讨了软岩中存在的不连续面对应力－应变关系、残余强度特性和蠕变应变速率的影响。  相似文献   

裂缝储层岩芯检测技术及其应用     

徐思煌  李春梅 《地质科技情报》1998,17(2):65-70

针对目前裂缝岩芯检测的技术缺陷,建立了裂缝面、在层层面及钻井井身等产状要素之间的空间几何学联系,利用这种联系可以确定非定向取芯井裂缝的真实产状,研制了裂缝岩芯检测资料处理系统软件,可提高代作效率和精确度;应用该技术对江汉盆地王场地区潜江组非砂岩进行了研究,结果揭示了目的层裂缝成因类型、空间分布及对油气的控制作用。据此所提出的靶区经钻探已获得油流,说明该技术具有实用价值。  相似文献   

三峡工程岩体破坏分析中面连通率研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

李义连  满作武  薛果夫 《地质科技情报》1998,(Z2)

介绍了面连通率在岩体破坏研究中的表述方法。连通率的大小可反映破坏概率的大小。选择可能滑动面进行连通率计算方法有：多个结构面组成的折面;单个结构面的扩展面。两种面连通率均反映了在空间平面上结构面的发育程度,揭露更多隐藏的破坏性信息,有利于定量、定位分析岩体稳定性。  相似文献